Customs officers are quite tolerant these days, but they can still stop you when you are going through the Green Channel and have nothing to declare. Even really honest people are often made to feel guilty. The hardened professional smuggler, on the other hand, is never troubled by such feelings, even if he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase. When I returned from abroad recently, a particularly officious young Customs Officer clearly regarded me as a smuggler.
‘Have you anything to declare?’ he asked, looking me in the eye. ‘No,’ I answered confidently.
‘Would you mind unlocking this suitcase please ?’
‘Not at all,’ I answered.
The Officer went through the case with great care. All the things I had packed so carefully were soon in a dreadful mess. I felt sure I would never be able to close the case again. Suddenly, I saw the Officer’s face light up. He had spotted a tiny bottle at the bottom of my case and he pounced on it with delight.
‘Perfume, eh?’ he asked sarcastically. ‘You should have declared that.’ Perfume is not exempt from import duty.’
‘But it isn’t perfume,’ I said.’ It’s hair-oil.’ Then I added with a smile,’ It’s a strange mixture I make myself.’ As I expected, he did not believe me.
‘Try it!’ I said encouragingly.
The Officer unscrewed the cap and put the bottle to his nostrils. He was greeted by an unpleasant smell which convinced him that I was telling the truth. A few minutes later, I was able
to hurry away with precious chalk-marks on my baggage.
guilty adj.
- be guilty/innocent of murder
- guilt / innocence
- commit a crime,
- sin
be tolerant of / towards …
tolerate, tolerable, forbearing, easy-going
professional, amateur
profession, occupation, vocation
dreadful, terrible
- dread doing sth, in dread of,
scent / perfume / fragrance
scented / perfumed / fragrant
aroma, smell, smelly, odor,
go through
When you’re going through a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone.
I’ve gone through all my pockets but I can’t find my keys.
The Officer went through the case with great care.
When she caught up with them, she saw that they had sat down and were going through the contents of the bag, so she ran straight at them.
make sb. do sth.
be made to do sth.
I made him repeat it.
He was made to repeat it.
see / hear / notice sb. do sth.
be seen / heard / noticed to do sth.
I saw / heard / noticed him leave the room.
He was seen / heard / noticed to leave the room.
see / hear / notice sb. doing sth.
be seen / heard / noticed doing sth.
I saw him crossing the road.
He was seen crossing the road.
I heard the girl singing in the room.
The girl was heard singing in the room.
trouble v. if a problem troubles you, it makes you feel worried or upset
Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.
造句:他的口袋里藏着一张大额的钞票。
He has a large bank note hidden in his pocket.
look sb in the eye(s) / face
- in a mess,
in disorder / chaos
at sixes and sevens
pounce on sth, plunge into sth, charge at sth
be exempt from sth.
Children are exempt from the charges.
Currently, developing nations are exempt from certain restrictions on carbon emissions.
exempt sb. from sth.
His bad eyesight exempted him from military service.
import duty / customs duty / tariff
do sth with a smile / laugh / sneer / shock / sigh / start …
There was a time when the owners of shop and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for’ protection’ If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. Obtaining ‘protechtion money’ is not a modern crime. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.
Six hundred years ago, Sir John Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence. He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away if protection money was paid to them. Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way. In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. When he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a picture painted which was dedicated to the memory of ‘the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue’.
promptly/punctually/sharp; a prompt/punctuate start
She arrived promptly at ten.
She arrived punctually at ten.
She arrived at ten sharp.
An ambulance was promptly dispatched to the area.
Staff should be prompt in dealing with complaints.
The drowning child was saved by Dick’s prompt action.
business:
… put a man out of business … = make sb. broke/bankrupt
…, when business was bad, …
Business is bad / slow / slack.
Business is good / booming.
put sb. out of work
out of patience, out of anger, out of repair
in return for …
America helped the rebels in return for their promise to support democracy.
He is always willing to help people out, without expecting anything in return.
in exchange for …
They were given food and shelter in exchange for work.
in compensation for …
She received $10,000 in compensation for her injuries at work.
obtain / extort sth. / blackmail sb.
Sir Winston Churchill
Sir Winston Mr. Churchill
remarkable / extraordinary / exceptional
be remarkable for …
make a name for oneself
Ge You first made a name for himself in the movie ‘Wan Zhu’.
become famous overnight
With the success of their first record, they became famous overnight.
rise to fame
Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing match when he was only fourteen years old.
make (the) headlines / hit the headlines
The 9/11 terrorist attack
- made (the) headlines
- hit the headlines
around the world.
A be known to B as … B 把 A 称为…
He was known to us all as Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died.
造句:中国人把李白称为诗仙 (poet immortal)。
Li Bai is known to the Chinese as ‘poet-immortal’.
造句:篮球运动员 EarvinJohnson 迅速出名了,并且美国人开始把他称为“魔术师约翰逊”。
Basketball player Earvin Johnson soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Americans as ‘Magic Johnson’.
be at war with …
China had been at war with Japan for 8 years.
declare war on …
The Chinese government has declared war on official corruption.
wage war on …
We continually wage war on them, for they contaminate our food, carry diseases, or devour our crops.
hire … from … = rent … from
hire (out) … to … = rent (out) … to
offer to do …
volunteer to do …
dedicate / devote … to …
sacrifice … for …
memory
- in memory of …
- to the memory of …
- commemorate
in honor of…
The college was named in honor of George Washington.
a banquet in honor of the president
in appreciation of …
I sent him a gift in appreciation of his help.
in recognition of …
He was awarded one of the ‘ Ten Outstanding Young Persons’ in recognition of his significant achievements.
a state funeral
a state visit
a state banquet
state affairs
the State Council
Mary and her husband Dimitri lived in the tiny village of Perachora in southern Greece. One of Mary’s prize possessions was a little white lamb which her husband had given her. She kept it tied to a tree in a field during the day and went to fetch it every evening. One evening, however, the lamb was missing. The rope had been cut, so it was obvious that the lamb had been stolen. When Dimitri came in from the fields, his wife told him what had happened. Dimitri at once set out to find the thief.
He knew it would not prove difficult in such a small village. After telling several of his friends about the theft, Dimitri found out that his neighbour, Aleko, had suddenly acquired a new lamb. Dimitri immediately went to Aleko’s house and angrily accused him of stealing the lamb. He told him he had better return it or he would call the police. Aleko denied taking it and led Dimitri into
his back-yard. It was true that he had just bought a lamb, he explained, but his lamb was black. Ashamed of having acted so rashly, Dimitri apologized to Aleko for having accused him. While
they were talking it began to rain and Dimitri stayed in Aleko’s house until the rain stopped. When he went outside half an hour later, he was astonished to find that the little black lamb was
almost white. Its wool, which had been dyed black, had been washed clean by the rain !
===
It’s all Greek to me.
prize: adj.
valued / treasured / cherished adj.
prize / value / treasure / cherish vt. 珍爱,珍视
valuable / priceless / precious
adj. 宝贵的,价值连城的
keep sth. /sb. n./doing/done/prep.
bring, take, fetch
lead sb. / show sb. / usher sb.
be missing / be lost / disappear (without trace)
steal sth from sb. thief, theft
- burgle burglar, burglary
- pick pocket; pocket-pick, pocket picker
- shoplifter
- rob sb of sth. robbery, robber
- embezzle
- help oneself to
set out to do(带着目的)开始做某事
The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts, but he took a long time to send them.
begin to do / doing
start to do / doing
come to do
get to do / to doing
embark on sth.
such a small village
so small a village
so many / much / few / little + n.
tell sb of / about sth
report / recount / relate sth. to sb.
accuse sb. of sth./doing (with anger)
- criticize sb for sth;
- censure sb for sth (by words);
- scold sb for sth (by senior);
- reprimand sb for sth (by leader);
- blame sb. for sth / blame sth on sb. (attribute to sb’s responsibility)
- condemn A for/as B. (together)
The movie was condemned for its sexism.
The terrorist attack was condemned as an act of barbarism and cowardice.
deny + n. / doing / that …
admit / acknowledge + n. / doing / that …
Most of us have formed an unrealistic picture of life on a desert island. We sometimes imagine a desert island to be a sort of paradise where the sun always shines. Life there is simple
and good. Ripe fruit falls from the trees and you never have to work. The other side of the picture is quite the opposite. Life on a desert island is wretched. You either starve to death or live like Robinson Crusoe, waiting for a boat which never comes. Perhaps there is an element of truth in both these pictures, but few of us have had the opportunity to find out.
Two men who recently spent five days on a coral island wished they had stayed there longer. They were taking a badly damaged boat from the Virgin Islands to Miami to have it repaired. During the journey, their boat began to sink. They quickly loaded a small rubber dinghy with food, matches, and tins of beer and rowed for a few miles across the Caribbean until they arrived at a tiny coral island. There were hardly any trees on the island and there was no water, but this did not prove to be a problem. The men collected rain-water in the rubber dinghy. As they had brought a spear gun with them, they had plenty to eat. They caught lobster and fish every day, and, as one of them put it ‘ate like kings’. When a passing tanker rescued them five days later, both men were genuinely sorry that they had to leave.
After her husband had gone to work, Mrs Richards sent her children to school and went upstairs to her bedroom. She was too excited to do any housework that morning, for in the evening she would be going to a fancy dress party with her husband. She intended to dress up as a ghost and as she had made her costume the night before, she was impatient to try it on. Though the costume consisted only of a sheet, it was very effective. After putting it on, Mrs Richards went downstairs. She wanted to find out whether it would be comfortable to wear.
Just as Mrs Richards was entering the dining-room, there was a knock on the front door. She knew that it must be the baker. She had told him to come straight in if ever she failed to open the
door and to leave the bread on the kitchen table. Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs Richards quickly hid in the small store-room under the stairs. She heard the front door open and
heavy footsteps in the hall. Suddenly the door of the store-room was opened and a man entered. Mrs Richards realized that it must be the man from the Electricity Board who had come to read
the meter. She tried to explain the situation, saying‘ It’s only me’, but it was too late. The man let out a cry and jumped back several paces. When Mrs Richards walked towards him, he fled, slamming the door behind him.
===
pace/step
- take one’s pace/step forward
- quicken one’s pace/step
- the fast pace/tempo of modern life
- It is important for a company to keep pace with changes in the market.
- Medical science has made great strides in tackling infertility.
- That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind. — Neil Armstrong
- Your little nephew is growing by leaps and bounds.
The committee
- consists of 100 members.
- is made up of 100 members.
- is composed of 100 members.
- comprises 100 members
One hundred members
- comprise the committee.
- make up the committee.
- compose the committee.
- constitute the committee.
Just as / At the very moment (when) Mrs. Richards was entering the dining room, …
intend to do / mean to do / be going to do
- We intend to go to Australia next year.
Sorry, I didn’t mean to scare you.
He always meant to go back one day but not to stay.
I’m going to have my hair cut this weekend.
Both planes were going to take off on July 25th, but Latham failed to get up early enough. - have every intention of doing …
I had every intention of phoning her this morning, but I just didn’t get a chance. - not intend to do / not mean to do / have no intention of doing …
I had no intention of buying one, but I could not conceal the fact that I was impressed by the size of the diamonds.
the man from the Electricity Board
experts from the zoo
a spokeswoman for the Bank
editors of newspapers and magazines
Children always appreciate small gifts of money. Mom or dad, of course, provides a regular supply of pocket-money, but uncles and aunts are always a source of extra income. With some children, small sums go a long way. If fifty pence pieces are not exchanged for sweets, they rattle for months inside money-boxes. Only very thrifty children manage to fill up a money-box. For most of them, fifty pence is a small price to pay for a nice large bar of chocolate.
My nephew, George, has a money-box but it is always empty. Very few of the fifty pence pieces and pound coins I have given him have found their way there. I gave him fifty pence yesterday and advised him to save it. Instead, he bought himself fifty pence worth of trouble. On his way to the sweet shop, he dropped his fifty pence and it bounced along the pavement and then disappeared down a drain. George took off his jacket, rolled up his sleeves and pushed his right arm through the drain cover. He could not
find his fifty pence anywhere, and what is more, he could not get his arm out. A crowd of people gathered round him and a lady rubbed his arm with soap and butter, but George was firmly stuck.
The fire-brigade was called and two firemen freed George using a special type of grease. George was not too upset by his experience because the lady who owns the sweet shop heard about his
troubles and rewarded him with a large box of chocolates.
pocket money
beer money
pick one’s pocket
pickpocket
money burns a hole in one’s pocket
rattle, tinkle, chime, clatter, slam/bang: v & n
thrifty, frugal, economical
miserly, stingy
wasteful, extravagant
save on water / electricity
economize on water / electricity
sibling rivalry, filial piety, parental affection
bounce [baʊns]v. & n. 弹起,弹跳
bounce = bound v.& n.
The ball bounced when it hit the ground.
She came bouncing in and told me the good news.
That’s the way the ball bounces.
by leaps and bounds: very quickly
Her health is improving by leaps and bounds.
stick to, cling to, adhere to
I’ll stick to my job until I find a better one.
Stick your tongue.
Stick’em up!
Freeze! Stick’em up! Your money or your life?
Printing originates in / stems from / has its roots in China.
However, a new type of humour, which stems largely from America, has recently come into fashion.
造句:学习英语对我来说总是一种乐趣。
Learning English is always a source of pleasure for me.
The battery can go a long way.
go a long way towards …
The book will go a long way towards solving your problems.
come a long way
(A) She traveled a long distance to attend the exhibit.
(B) She likes to paint a variety of things.
(C) She thinks her painting has improved.
(D) She’s glad the man saw her students’ paintings.
M: I saw some of your paintings at the student art exhibit. They are great.
W: Thanks. I feel as though I’ve come a long way.
Q: What does the woman mean?
be a small price to pay for sth.
造句: 损失点钱对于提高地位来说算不了什么。
The loss of money is a small price to pay for the rise in status. be a high price to pay for sth. 造句:为了成功而牺牲健康是不值得的。
The sacrifice of health is a high price to pay for success.
find one’s way
The river finds its way to the sea.
How did my money find its way in your pocket?
They had mysteriously found their way there from the wine cellar!
Specially-made lanterns are hung outside each house to help the dead to find their way.
lose one’s way
I love travelling in the country, but I don’t like losing my way.
feel one’s way
The room was dark, so I had to feel my way along the wall to the door.
make one’s way
The hospital had been bombed and Hans had made his way back into Western Germany on foot. Turning back down the main street, we quickened our pace and made our way rapidly towards the stream where we hoped the boatman was waiting.
force / elbow one’s way
He forced / elbowed his way through the crowd.
trace one’s way
We expected the path to end abruptly, but we found that it traced its way through the trees.
edge one’s way
They had to edge their way along this, sometimes wading across shallow streams, or swimming across deep pools.
Instead of saving it, he bought himself fifty pence worth of trouble.
instead of doing …, … 本该……,结果却……
Instead of becoming a doctor, however, he became a successful writer of detective stories. Instead of being five new family members, these children had immediately become a commodity. 造句:本该乘电梯的,我们却走楼梯下去的。
Instead of taking the elevator, we walked down the stairs.
造句:本该学习的,他却浪费时间追女孩子。
Instead of studying, he wastes his time chasing girls.
what is more / what’s more
What is more, they will not have to rely solely on the written word.
moreover / furthermore
besides
in addition
additionally
to make things worse
to make matters worse
gather, assemble, collect, mass, congregate
reward sb. with sth.
造句:观众们对这位表演者报以雷鸣般的掌声。
The audience rewarded the performer with thunderous applause. a reward of ₤1,000
award sb. sth.
She was awarded the Nobel Prize for her work in medical research. the Academy Award
Verrazano, an Italian about whom little is known, sailed into New York Harbour in 1524 and named it Angouleme. He described it as ‘a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river.’ Though Verrazano is by no means considered to be a great explorer, his name will probably remain immortal, for on November 21st, 1964, the greatest bridge in the world was named after him.
The Verrazano Bridge, which was designed by Othmar Ammann, joins Brooklyn to Staten Island. It has a span of 4260 feet. The bridge is so long that the shape of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer. Two great towers support four huge cables. The towers are built on immense underwater platforms made of steel and concrete. The platforms extend to a depth of
over 100 feet under the sea. These alone took sixteen months to build. Above the surface of the water, the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet. They support the cables from bridge has been suspended. Each of the four cables contains 26,108 lengths of wire. It has been estimated that if the bridge were packed with cars, it would still only be carrying a third of its total capacity. However, size and strength are not the only important things about this bridge. Despite its immensity, it is both simple and elegant, fulfilling its designer’s dream to create ‘an enormous object drawn as faintly as possible’ .
midst: middle
in the midst of the crowd
whilst: while
The days were hot whilst we were on vacation.
amongst: among
There is always hope that in its labyrinth of musty, dark, disordered rooms a real rarity will be found amongst the piles of assorted junk that litter the floors.
join A to B
The island is joined to the mainland by a bridge.
link A with / to B
connect A with / to B
take … into account: take into account, take account of, take … into consideration
suspend/hang sth from sth
situation / location
span
span [spæ n]n. 跨度;一段时间
The arch has a span of 60 meters.
I worked with him over a span of six years.
The project must be completed within a specific time span.
Small children have a short attention span.
wingspan
a bird with a two-foot wingspan
lifespan
Men have a shorter lifespan than women.
A TV set has an average lifespan of 11 years.
alone:
Persistence and determination alone are omnipotent. — Calvin Coolidge.
Modern sculpture rarely surprises us any more. The idea that modern art can only be seen in museums is mistaken. Even people who take no interest in art cannot have failed to notice examples of modern sculpture on display in public places. Strange forms stand in gardens, and outside buildings and shops. We have got quite used to them. Some so-called ‘modern’ pieces have been on display for nearly fifty years.
In spite of this, some people–including myself–were surprised by a recent exhibition of modern sculpture. The first thing I saw when I entered the art gallery was a notice which said: ‘Do not touch the exhibits. Some of them are dangerous!’ The objects on display were pieces of moving sculpture. Oddly shaped forms that are suspended from the ceiling and move in response to a gust of wind are quite familiar to everybody. These objects, however, were different. Lined up against the wall, there were long thin wires attached to metal spheres. The spheres had been magnetized and attracted or repelled each other all the time. In the centre of the hall, there
were a number of tall structures which contained coloured lights. These lights flickered continuously like traffic lights which have gone mad. Sparks were emitted from small black boxes and red lamps flashed on and off angrily. It was rather like an exhibition of prehistoric electronic equipment. These Peculiar forms not only seemed designed to shock people emotionally, but to give them electric shocks as well !
- water, air, electric current
- Adj. + current: prevailing, alternating, direct
- current + verb. flow | carry sb/sth, sweep sb/sth | flow, pass through sth
- verb + current: generate, produce | carry, pass, transmit | switch off/on
- prep. + current: in | against | with
a three-pin plug, socket, live
- adj. wrong, false, fallacious (logic), erroneous, err
- n. mistake, wrong, fault (sb is responsible for), error, fallacy, blunder (careless)
- verb: make, commit
- To err is human, to forgive divine. — Alexander Pope
odd: strange, unusual, peculiar, eccentric (people), weird, outlandish, bizarre.
attach importance/significance/value to …
sphere: field, area, realm,
repel: attract
- be repelled by…
- repellent, repulsive, revolting, disgusting
- repulse, revolt, disgust
flicker, twinkle, spark, flash
emit, give off, discharge, launch
rarely, seldom, almost never, hardly ever
astonish, disturb, remind, confuse, convince
Kidnappers are rarely interested in Animals, but they recently took considerable interest in Mrs Eleanor Ramsay’s cat. Mrs Eleanor Ramsay, a very wealthy old lady, has shared a flat with her cat, Rastus, for a great many years. Rastus leads an orderly life. He usually takes a short walk in the evenings and is always home by seven o’clock. One evening, however, he failed to arrive. Mrs Ramsay got very worried. She looked everywhere for him but could not find him.
Three day after Rastus’ disappearance, Mrs Ramsay received an anonymous letter. The writer stated that Rastus was in safe hands and would be returned immediately if Mrs Ramsay paid a ransom of &1000. Mrs Ramsay was instructed to place the money in a cardboard box and to leave it outside her door. At first, she decided to go to the police, but fearing that she would never see Rastus again –the letter had made that quite clear–she changed her mind. She drew &1000 from her bank and followed the kidnapper’s instructions. The next morning, the box had disappeared but Mrs Ramsay was sure that the kidnapper would keep his word. Sure enough,
Rastus arrived punctually at seven o’clock that evening. He looked very well, though he was rather thirsty, for he drank half a bottle of milk. The police were astounded when Mrs Ramsay told them what she had done. She explained that Rastus was very dear to her. Considering the amount she paid, he was dear in more ways than one!
Pioneer pilots
In 1908 Lord Northcliffe offered a prize of &1000 to the first man who would fly across the English Channel. Over a year passed before the first attempt was made. On July 19th, 1909, in the early morning, Hubert Latham took off from the French coast in his plane the ‘Antoinette IV’. He had travelled only seven miles across the Channel when his engine failed and he was forced to land on the sea. The ‘Antoinette’ floated on the water until Latham was picked up by a ship.
Two days later, Louis Bleriot arrived near Calais with a plane called ‘No. XI’. Bleriot had been making planes since 1905 and this was his latest model. A week before, he had completed a successful overland flight during which he covered twenty-six miles. Latham, however did not give up easily. He, too, arrived near Calais on the same day with a new ‘Antonette’. It looks as if there would be an exciting race across the Channel. Both planes were going to take off on July 25th, but Latham failed to get up early enough. After making a short test flight at 4.15 a.m., Bleriot set off half an hour later. His great flight lasted thirty seven minutes. When he landed near Dover, the first person to greet him was a local policeman. Latham made another attempt a week later and got within half a mile of Dover, but he was unlucky again. His engine failed and he landed on the sea for the second time.
===
pioneer: break new ground; lead the way
lord: noble/aristocrat; duke, marquis earl viscount baron
sir: knight
overland = by land
- by sea/ by air, by bus/train/car/ship/boat/plane
- on foot
- in cars
- drive / fly / sail from … to ..
- take a bus/taxi/train/ship / boat /plane
- cross … by plane = fly across …
the English Channel: the Bering Strait, the Taiwan Strait
offer sb. sth | offer sth to sb
offer to do = volunteer to do
before /when: 然后,就,才
make an/no/little/the first/another attempt to do
in the early/late morning/afternoon/evening
at dawn / the crack of dawn / daybreak / sunrise
at dusk / sunset / sundown/twilight
take off: land
take off sth: put on sth
take … off…
- It is almost impossible to take your mind off the journey.
She was so pretty—I couldn’t take my eyes off her.
“Have you seen James without his beard?” “I know—it takes years off him!” - take time off from work/school
- take a day off
fail v.(fml.) (零部件)失灵
The brakes failed and the car crashed into a tree.
break down v.(交通工具, 大型机器) 抛锚, 停止工作
The car / bus / train / washing machine broke down.
malfunction v.(fml.) 出故障
The satellite entered the orbit and quickly malfunctioned.
sth. goes wrong with… 出故障
Something ’s gone wrong with my computer.
fail to do 没能完成某事
be forced to do
- be/feel obliged to do
- be/feel compelled to do
- be/feel impelled to do
- be/feel bound to do
- it is necessary for sb. to do ..
- must do / have to do
pick up sb: rescue/save, salvage,
pick up sth: pick up where we left off
flight – aviation; voyage – navigation
stick it out
It seems/looks as if/as though …
- promise to do
It promised to be an exciting race across the Channel.
It promises to be warm today.
Groundbreaking research by two French geophysicists promises to shed some light on the mystery.
within … of
for the second time
at the second time
for the first time
at the first time